You Do Need power plug adapter while traveling from Brazil to Vanuatu.

Here is Why You Need An Adapter

The outlet and plug type used in Vanuatu is I and in Brazil are C and N. This is how they look like.

Brazil

In Brazil, outlets of type C and N are in use.

Type C

Type N

Vanuatu

In Vanuatu, outlets of type I are in use.

Type I