You Do Need power plug adapter while traveling from Cocos (Keeling) Islands to São Tomé and Príncipe.

Here is Why You Need An Adapter

The outlet and plug type used in São Tomé and Príncipe are C and F and in Cocos (Keeling) Islands is I. This is how they look like.

Cocos (Keeling) Islands

In Cocos (Keeling) Islands, outlets of type I are in use.

Type I

São Tomé and Príncipe

In São Tomé and Príncipe, outlets of type C and F are in use.

Type C

Type F