You Do Need power plug adapter while traveling from New Caledonia to Madagascar.

Here is Why You Need An Adapter

The outlet and plug type used in Madagascar are C and E and in New Caledonia are C and F. This is how they look like.

New Caledonia

In New Caledonia, outlets of type C and F are in use.

Type C

Type F

Madagascar

In Madagascar, outlets of type C and E are in use.

Type C

Type E