You Do Need power plug adapter while traveling from Spain to Vanuatu.

Here is Why You Need An Adapter

The outlet and plug type used in Vanuatu is I and in Spain are C and F. This is how they look like.

Spain

In Spain, outlets of type C and F are in use.

Type C

Type F

Vanuatu

In Vanuatu, outlets of type I are in use.

Type I